Cosmic String Network Scaling

Topological defects from symmetry-breaking phase transitions evolve toward a scale-invariant attractor solution.

Strings: 0 | Loops: 0 | t = 0

The Kibble mechanism predicts ~1 string per Hubble volume. Intercommutation converts long strings to loops, which decay via gravitational radiation, driving the network to the scaling solution ξ = L/t → const.