Explore how surface energy, liquid surface tension, and the Young-Dupré equation determine droplet shape.
Droplet Cross-Section
Young's Equation Parameters
cos θ_Y = (γ_SG − γ_SL) / γ_LG
Wenzel: cos θ_W = r · cos θ_Y
Young θ_Y = —
Wenzel θ_W = —
Spreading coef. S = —
Work of adhesion W_a = —
Class: —
Young's equation balances three interfacial tensions at the three-phase contact line. Roughness amplifies hydrophobic/hydrophilic character (Wenzel). Real lotus leaves: θ>150° (superhydrophobic via micro/nano-texture).
Contact Angle History & Wetting Diagram
Left: contact angle vs γ_SG/γ_LG ratio. Right: regime map. Current ★