Colony Dynamics
Total population—
Foragers (field bees)—
Nurse bees (hive)—
Brood cells—
Forager lifespan—
Colony day—
⚠ COLONY COLLAPSE
Forager loss exceeded threshold
CCD mechanism: stressors shorten forager lifespan → foragers die faster than nurses can mature → nurse:forager imbalance → colony unable to sustain brood → collapse spiral.
Critical threshold: forager loss rate > nurse maturation rate.