Depletion Attraction

Asakura-Oosawa Model — Colloids + Depletants
U_dep(r) = −k_BT·φ_d·(R_d/R_c)³·
f(r/R_c, R_d/R_c)

Range: δ = 2R_d
Depth ∝ φ_d·(R_d/R_c)³
Depletion forces arise when small depletant particles (polymers, small colloids) are excluded from the gap between large colloids. The osmotic pressure imbalance creates an effective attraction whose range is set by the depletant size and strength by its osmotic pressure Π≈ρ_d k_BT.