G1/S checkpoint: PASS
G2/M checkpoint: PASS
Spindle checkpoint: PASS
Cell Cycle Phases
G1 = growth
S = DNA synthesis
G2 = preparation for division
M = mitosis
p53 activates under DNA damage → p21 inhibits CDKs → cell arrest.
G1 = growth
S = DNA synthesis
G2 = preparation for division
M = mitosis
p53 activates under DNA damage → p21 inhibits CDKs → cell arrest.