Casimir Effect — Zero-Point Fluctuation Force

Quantum vacuum energy between parallel conducting plates
F/A = −ℏcπ²/(240d⁴)  |  van der Waals (d≪λ): F/A ≈ −ℏcπ²/(240d⁴)
50 nm
100 μm²
300 K
Casimir Force
Pressure
Thermal correction