Cascading Failure
Interdependent networks (Buldyrev 2010): failure in Layer A can disable dependent nodes in Layer B, which feeds back to cause more failures in A. Click nodes to remove them.
Click a node to trigger initial failure, then watch the cascade.
In interdependent networks, each node in A depends on exactly one node in B (and vice versa). If a node loses its dependency partner, it fails. This creates positive feedback: A failures → B failures → more A failures. Buldyrev et al. (Nature 2010) showed this can produce a first-order (discontinuous) phase transition — far more catastrophic than single-network percolation.