Bidders
Strategy
Truthful: bid = value (optimal for Vickrey)
Bid-Shading: bid = value × (n-1)/n (optimal for first-price, uniform vals)
Overbid: bid = value × 1.2
Auction Results
Run auction to see results.
Revenue over 1000 Trials
Blue = First-Price • Orange = Vickrey • Revenue Equivalence theorem: equal in expectation (uniform i.i.d. values)