AHARONOV-BOHM EFFECT

Magnetic flux shifts interference even when B = 0 outside solenoid

Phase shift: Δφ = 2π·Φ/Φ₀

Φ₀ = h/e ≈ 4.14×10⁻¹⁵ Wb

Path difference for slit n:
φₙ = (2π/λ)·path + n·π·Φ/Φ₀

I(θ) ∝ |e^(iφ₁)+e^(iφ₂)|²

B = 0 everywhere outside — purely topological!