Network topology and node states co-evolve. Susceptible nodes rewire away from infected neighbors. Rewiring competes with infection to produce healthy, endemic, or fragmented phases.
Network (click to infect node)
Prevalence over time
The adaptive SIS model (Gross et al. 2006): at each step, SI edges transmit with rate β; infected nodes recover with rate μ; susceptible nodes rewire away from infected neighbors with rate w. This co-evolutionary dynamics produces a phase diagram with three regions: disease-free (μ large), endemic (β large), and oscillatory/fragmented (w large).