Voter model on a co-evolving network — topology and opinions reshape each other
In an adaptive network, the network topology and the dynamics on the network co-evolve. Here, nodes hold binary opinions (A/B). At each step, a random discordant edge (linking nodes with different opinions) is selected. With probability φ, the edge is rewired (one endpoint disconnects and links to a like-minded random node instead of copying). With probability 1−φ, one node copies the other's opinion. The result is fragmentation into opinion bubbles — a toy model of echo chambers and polarization. Low φ → consensus; high φ → fragmentation.
adaptive networksvoter modelpolarizationecho chambers