Magnetic flux penetrates a Type-II superconductor as quantized vortex tubes arranged in a triangular lattice.
Each vortex carries one flux quantum Φ₀ = h/2e ≈ 2.07×10⁻¹⁵ Wb. Vortices repel each other and form the Abrikosov triangular lattice — minimizing free energy in the mixed state (Hc1 < H < Hc2).